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node_modules/npm/doc/misc/npm-coding-style.md

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+npm-coding-style(7) -- npm's "funny" coding style
+=================================================
+
+## DESCRIPTION
+
+npm's coding style is a bit unconventional.  It is not different for
+difference's sake, but rather a carefully crafted style that is
+designed to reduce visual clutter and make bugs more apparent.
+
+If you want to contribute to npm (which is very encouraged), you should
+make your code conform to npm's style.
+
+Note: this concerns npm's code not the specific packages that you can download from the npm registry.
+
+## Line Length
+
+Keep lines shorter than 80 characters.  It's better for lines to be
+too short than to be too long.  Break up long lists, objects, and other
+statements onto multiple lines.
+
+## Indentation
+
+Two-spaces.  Tabs are better, but they look like hell in web browsers
+(and on GitHub), and node uses 2 spaces, so that's that.
+
+Configure your editor appropriately.
+
+## Curly braces
+
+Curly braces belong on the same line as the thing that necessitates them.
+
+Bad:
+
+    function ()
+    {
+
+Good:
+
+    function () {
+
+If a block needs to wrap to the next line, use a curly brace.  Don't
+use it if it doesn't.
+
+Bad:
+
+    if (foo) { bar() }
+    while (foo)
+      bar()
+
+Good:
+
+    if (foo) bar()
+    while (foo) {
+      bar()
+    }
+
+## Semicolons
+
+Don't use them except in four situations:
+
+* `for (;;)` loops.  They're actually required.
+* null loops like: `while (something) ;` (But you'd better have a good
+  reason for doing that.)
+* `case "foo": doSomething(); break`
+* In front of a leading `(` or `[` at the start of the line.
+  This prevents the expression from being interpreted
+  as a function call or property access, respectively.
+
+Some examples of good semicolon usage:
+
+    ;(x || y).doSomething()
+    ;[a, b, c].forEach(doSomething)
+    for (var i = 0; i < 10; i ++) {
+      switch (state) {
+        case "begin": start(); continue
+        case "end": finish(); break
+        default: throw new Error("unknown state")
+      }
+      end()
+    }
+
+Note that starting lines with `-` and `+` also should be prefixed
+with a semicolon, but this is much less common.
+
+## Comma First
+
+If there is a list of things separated by commas, and it wraps
+across multiple lines, put the comma at the start of the next
+line, directly below the token that starts the list.  Put the
+final token in the list on a line by itself.  For example:
+
+    var magicWords = [ "abracadabra"
+                     , "gesundheit"
+                     , "ventrilo"
+                     ]
+      , spells = { "fireball" : function () { setOnFire() }
+                 , "water" : function () { putOut() }
+                 }
+      , a = 1
+      , b = "abc"
+      , etc
+      , somethingElse
+
+## Whitespace
+
+Put a single space in front of ( for anything other than a function call.
+Also use a single space wherever it makes things more readable.
+
+Don't leave trailing whitespace at the end of lines.  Don't indent empty
+lines.  Don't use more spaces than are helpful.
+
+## Functions
+
+Use named functions.  They make stack traces a lot easier to read.
+
+## Callbacks, Sync/async Style
+
+Use the asynchronous/non-blocking versions of things as much as possible.
+It might make more sense for npm to use the synchronous fs APIs, but this
+way, the fs and http and child process stuff all uses the same callback-passing
+methodology.
+
+The callback should always be the last argument in the list.  Its first
+argument is the Error or null.
+
+Be very careful never to ever ever throw anything.  It's worse than useless.
+Just send the error message back as the first argument to the callback.
+
+## Errors
+
+Always create a new Error object with your message.  Don't just return a
+string message to the callback.  Stack traces are handy.
+
+## Logging
+
+Logging is done using the [npmlog](https://github.com/npm/npmlog)
+utility.
+
+Please clean up logs when they are no longer helpful.  In particular,
+logging the same object over and over again is not helpful.  Logs should
+report what's happening so that it's easier to track down where a fault
+occurs.
+
+Use appropriate log levels.  See `npm-config(7)` and search for
+"loglevel".
+
+## Case, naming, etc.
+
+Use `lowerCamelCase` for multiword identifiers when they refer to objects,
+functions, methods, properties, or anything not specified in this section.
+
+Use `UpperCamelCase` for class names (things that you'd pass to "new").
+
+Use `all-lower-hyphen-css-case` for multiword filenames and config keys.
+
+Use named functions.  They make stack traces easier to follow.
+
+Use `CAPS_SNAKE_CASE` for constants, things that should never change
+and are rarely used.
+
+Use a single uppercase letter for function names where the function
+would normally be anonymous, but needs to call itself recursively.  It
+makes it clear that it's a "throwaway" function.
+
+## null, undefined, false, 0
+
+Boolean variables and functions should always be either `true` or
+`false`.  Don't set it to 0 unless it's supposed to be a number.
+
+When something is intentionally missing or removed, set it to `null`.
+
+Don't set things to `undefined`.  Reserve that value to mean "not yet
+set to anything."
+
+Boolean objects are verboten.
+
+## SEE ALSO
+
+* npm-developers(7)
+* npm-faq(7)
+* npm(1)